Lenses are classified by their focal length.  Telephoto lenses compress space.  They make things look like they are closer together.  They make backgrounds bigger. They are also known as portrait lenses.  Wide angle lenses spread out space.  They make things look further apart.  They make backgrounds look smaller.  They can distort people.  Normal lenses recreate what your eye sees.  Zoom lenses have variable focal lengths.  The other lenses don't.